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Making the Livable City by Citizen Participation: Case Study of Korea

This study has three main objects; analyzing the cases of livable cities in Korea and bringing out their implications, finding the method of linking the reality and the system of making livable cities and finding the method of institutionalization and the running strategies for making livable cities. It provides the basic information to help the reasonable evolution of making livable cities, by investigating participators, process, and administrative support from each representative practice of Korean livable city. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, it is important to bring up leaders and build leadership for a successful livable city project. Second, one of the important roles of leaders is to establish visions based on the collaboration and agreement among the main bodies. Third, there are always possibilities of contradictions in the process where objects of each livable city project are diverse according to the main body's characteristics. Therefore, it is more appropriate for planners to recognize and solve these conflicts for a better agreement among the bodies than to deal with them in the negative way. The most important point of this project is the citizen participation. The government should put more efforts for encouraging citizen involvement in the planning process of livable cities Fifth, the role of planners and experts are very important in the livable city project. To encourage a participatory planning, experts should become more listeners or counselors for citizen than as leaders of citizen in the field. Sixth, theoretically livable city project must be leaded by community members. However for financial support the central government should also participate in the project not as a leader but as a supportive body. Seventh, as shown in the Hongik University playground project, diversification and flexibility should be considered for institutionalization for each different project.