워즈워스 시의 대화주의와 카니발적 상상력

Dialogism and Carnivalesque Imagination in Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads

This study aims at investigating some important poems of Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads in terms of M. M. Bakhtin's theory of the novelistic discourse, especially his notions of 'dialogue' and 'carnival.' Wordsworth's poetry combines various literary genres such as lyric, ballad, drama, and narrative to create a hybrid genre of Lyrical Ballads, which is comparable to Bakhtin's notion of the novelistic discourse. Incorporating the subjective discourse of lyric with the objective one of ballad, Wordsworth characters in the story. Thus, oftentimes, Wordsworth's narrators not only merge their voice with those of the characters, but simultaneously keep distance from them in an ironical perspective to create an ambivalent serio-comic voice peculiar to the novelistic discourse. Atypical example is the comic and carnivalesque narration presented in "The Idiot boy" and "Goody Blake and Harry Gill." It is observed that Wordworth's socially marginalized figures such as children, an idiot, poor and old people, often subvert the authoritative words of the narrator or even those of other characters, arguably through their dialogic engagement with and carnivalesque subversion of them. This is what "Anecdote for Fathers"and "we Are Seven" are all about. "Expostulation and Reply" and "The Tables Turned" are an example of an equal dialogue between close friends. In spite of the dominantly lyrical mode, "Resolution and Independence" turns around an open dialogue between the poet-speaker and the old leech-gatherer.