일본 시간제보육의 기능에 대한 일고찰

A study on the function of part-time childcare in Japan

다양한 보육은 2000년대 중반 이후 정부의 수요자중심 보육의 중심과제로 거론되어 왔지만, 다양한 보육으로는 종일제보육을 연장하는 시간연장보육이 중심을 이루고 있다. 특히 필요한 시간만 활용가능한 시간제 보육은 그 욕구가 높음에도 불구하고 제공 사례는 많지 않은 것으로 나타나고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 시간제보육 방안을 준비하기에 앞서, 그 이론적인 기초 작업으로서 시간제보육의 필요성을 그 기능적 측면에서 살펴보고자 하였다. 특히 시간제보육이 활성화되어 있는 일본의 시간제보육의 경험을 분석·검토함으로써, 우리나라 시간제보육의 방안 모색에 대한 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 연구의 관점으로는 일본에서 아동양육의 포괄적인 관점으로 논의가 활발히 진행되어왔던 ‘자녀양육지원 관점’을 부모, 가족, 아동의 세 영역으로 재구성하여 분석틀로 삼았다.

This study is on the function of part-time child care that is one of the various types of child care services except all day childcare. Various types of childcare services has been a main issue relating to childcare policy of government since mid-2000, but various types of childcare are now limited in a type of extended-care service that is a overtime service in addition to all day childcare. Especially part-time childcare service, although that has been needed the most by parents, can be merely found in its cases. This study intended to find the theoretical basis about necessity of part-time childcare and its functions, before we prepare and establish the practical provisions for part-time childcare service in Korea. This study focused on experiences of Japan where part-time childcare is developed, and to do so, we expect to get lesson from it. To accomplish this purpose, we researched many references related this subject, and expecially studied regulations and guidance presented by government or local authority about it, moreover including leaflet of childcare center in Osaka which are providing part-time childcare services. And this study is analyzed on ‘perspective of supporting child rearing of family’, which has been discussed as a part of comprehensive approaches to child rearing. As a result, we can find that part-time childcare service contributes to advocating children’s rights and supporting parents’social activities, as well as encouraging harmonious parents-children’s relationship by diminishing family stress caused from child caring.