세르보크로아티아어 탄생과 세르비아와 크로아티아의 표준어논쟁

The Creation of Serbocroatian and Language Conflict between Serbs and Croats

1818 the Serb Vuk Stefanović Karadžić(1787-1864) published a small grammar 《Srpskirječnik》. This event was of great consequence for the Serbs who up to then had written either in a Russianised Church-Slavonic or in "Slavenosrpski". These artifical hybrid languages were genetically related but had different uses and hampered the development of the local vernacular for literary purposes. Vuk rebelled against traditional Church Slavonic and "Slavenosrpski" and attempted the popular language (based in što-je dialect) to the common literary language. However, circumstances were different for the Croats. At time of the “Illyrian movement (1820s)” inspired by Ljudevit Gaj and his associates and under the influence of Romanticism which introduced the cult of nationalism, they proclaimed that the literary language of the Southslav would lead the Southslav people to linguistic and national unity. The culminating point of the effort of Vuk and Illyrian grammarians to create a written language common to all Croats and all Serbs was the "Vienna Literary Agreement" of 1850. At that time it might have been thought that the way was open for a common Serbo-Croat written language. But national feeling and the spirit of independence grew steadily stronger in Croatia as well as in Serbia. This played a great part in the question of the common language. It must also be said that attempts to reform the language Gaj and Vuk were not pursuing the same end. Vuk’s reform was specifically Serbian and Croat criticised his Serb particularism. This article attempts to objectively compare the different concept of Vuk and Illyrian grammarians which is the cause of language conflict between Serbs and Croats.