세르비아어/크로아티어 어순이동 연구

A Study on the Movement of Sentecne Constituents in Serbian & Croatian Language

The aim of this article consists in an analytical description of the principles of that govern the arrangement of sentence constituents. Except in the case of enclitics, the Serbian/Croatian language display lative "free" word order superficially. The complex mechanism determines, however, the order of elements in this language, i. e., there exist various principles(factors) that control the linear order of the sentence constituents. One of these controlling factors is ‘value of the information’ which sentence constituents have. The division of sentence constituents into rheme-theme and the placement of framing sentence constituents before the rheme is taken as the main principle of the functional division (or placement) of a sentence. By the term of rheme we understand the segment which represents the informational nucleus of the sentence. The grammatical principle that governs the distribution of sentence constituents into a rheme and its topical frame can be expressed by means of the following formula: [topic(subject) + rheme(focused sentence constituents)]. There exists, however, another way of ordering the sentence constituents, governed by various pragmatic factors, such as intonation, the emphasis on the verb, sentential stress, etc. These factors are encoded into the word order and regulate the order of the sentence constituents. Within the framework ‘transactional discourse model’, we can show the ordering system of sentence constituents that depend on the speakers's subjective evaluation of the discourse situation. Taking the advantages of the two models, I propose a formal ordering rule of the sentence onstituents in Serbian/Croation: P0 > CL > V1 > E1 > V2 > E2 > P1 P0, P1 = sentence constituents with pragmatic factors (ex. Topic or Focus) CL = enclitics V1, V2 = predicate complex E1, E2 = sentence constituents without pragmatic factors