헝가리 시민 민주주의 혁명 1918: 까로이 미하이의 개혁안을 중심으로

The Hungarian Bourgeois Democratic Revolution in 1918: With Special Reference to Károlyi Mihály's Reform Plan

One of the most important event in modern Hungarian history is the bourgeois democratic revolution in 1918 by Mihály Károly and his party. But because of political reason, this event are not considered correctly as a historical monument in the field of Hungarian history. Mihály Károly's democratic reforms were complemented by a flood of social measures. For example an unemployment benefit was introduced; it was forbidden to employ children under 14 years of age; small artisans and shopkeepers were forgiven a portion of their tax arrears; and soldiers who had fought on the front lines were offered a modest lumpsum settlement for their services. Plans were also being drawn up to introduce an eight-hour limit to the working day and to extend the social insurance scheme. However, it was far too soon for such pro-labour policies to have perceptible impact on the workplace as the regulations were coming into force at a juncture where economic conditions were already grave and cotinuing to deteriorate. That was the limit of Károly's government. But in spite of the limit, this kind of reformation was definitely new one in the contemporary europe. As a result of this reformation, Hungary was recognized as a pioneer of the social reformation. Though this revolution was not completed at last, it marked a point in the 20th century's history. This paper deals with the Károly's revolutionary reformation policies. The paper is consists of five parts. The first chapter is introduction and the second, the third, the forth one is the main discourse. In conclusion, I tried to define the significance of Karoly's reformation in modern Hungarian history.