차우세스쿠 정권의 정치과정: 정권수립에서 붕괴까지

The Political Process of the Ceausescu Regime in Romania

Romania in 1989, suffered from a series of special factors which made a violent crash inevitable. The regime of Nicolae Ceausescu was both incurably Stalinist and fiercely repressively. In this respect Romania did not differ from North Korea. Ceausescu had begun his rule with relatively limited reform and national cause. However he changed his policy to a Stalinist way in 1970s. This paper was informed that Ceausescu was deeply affected by North Korean leader Kim II-Sung in occasion of his north Korean visit in 1971. In a sense. Ceausescu wanted to build North Korean monolithic political system in Romania. Ceausescu' s own personal rule destroyed his country and heightened the tensions. It was the attack on the Hungarian minority which in fact sparked off the crisis. The regime attempted to remove Laszlo Tokes. the leader of the Hungarian minority leader. But this sparked off the series of demonstrations nationwide. A state-managed rally in Bucharest On 21 December 1989, failed to follow the script to calm down nationwide chaos. Ceausescu was interrupted by demonstrators. Subsequently large sections of the Romanian army changed sides and followed by the pitched battles. On 22 December, a National Salvation Front, led by Ion Iliescu took hold of power. Iliescu was a dissident but a communist who had remained in the Politburo until his removal in 1984. Then Ceausescu and his wife were put on trial and quickly shot to death. This paper analyzed the political process of the regime of Ceausescu and its collapse in 1989 as a Coup D'Etat by some communists. The situation in 1989 can be explained as a Coup D'etat not as a "Social Revolution" which suggested by Theda Skocpol.