야로슬라브 사이페르뜨의 전기 문학의 특징

The Characteristic of Jaroslav Seifert's Poetry in the Early and Middle Stages

Jaroslav Seifert(I901-1986) came from a proletarian family in a working-class neighbourhood called Zizkov in Prague. With this proletaian origin he became one of the main representatives of the Czech proletarian poetry in the first half of the 1920s, and he produced with his first volume of poetry， Mesto v slzách(The City in Tears), one of the most proletarian poetry of all Czech poeσy. However Seifert the poet prevailed over the man of politics. His fervour for revolutionary action was accompanied by love and his Revolution was a source of future happiness for the poor rather than orgarnized political action and violence. His second volume of poetry, Samá láska(Nothing but Love), reflects this tendency more concretely. Around the middle of the 1920s Seifert took an active part of the artistic movement, called Poetismus(Poetism), which emphasized first of all poetry itself against the ideology like political revolution, and he produced one of the most typical works of Czech Poetism in his collection Na vlnách TSF(On the Waves of the Wireless), later retitled as Sʋatebni cesta(Honeymoon), which has many features of Poetism such as joys of life, exotic beauties, fantasies, playfull games of words, plays of sounds, and free associatons. Although a shadow of sadness permeates in his next collections such as Slavik zpiʋá spatne(The Nightingale Sings Badly), Postoʋni holub(The Mail Pigeon), the playful spirit of Poetism is maintained. In the 1930s Seifert reached poetic maturity making full use of various sound resources of Czech langage, which makes his poetry. almost untranslatable into foreign languages. The favourite subjects of his polished poems of this period were the beauty and tenderness of women and the fleetingness of love which we can see in the collections such as jablko z klina(An Apple from Her Lap), Ruce Venusiny(The Hands of Venus), jaro, sbohem(Goodbye Spring). At the end of the 1930s Seifert responded to the national cricis after Munich Agreement with Zhasnete svetla>(Put Out the Lights) which defends the homeland to the last drop of blood. During the years of German occupation(l939-1945) Seifert published three volumes of poetry, Vêjir, Bozeny Nêmcové(Bozna Nemcová's Fan), Svetlem odena(Robed in Light), Kamenny most(The Stone Bridge), in which he expressed love for his homeland, for Prague, and for Czech language and Czech nation, with them he secured such a broad popularity among the Czech public that he reached the status of unofficial national poet.