1970년대, 유신체제하의 한국천주교회와 국가

Research on the Korean Catholic Church -the state Relationship : focusing 1970's social movement

본 논문은 한국 천주교회가 궁극적으로 1970년대에 한국정치사회에 개입하게 된 제반요인과 이로인한 천주교외와 박정희 유신정권간의 갈등관계의 실상, 이것이 한국정치사회에서 갖는 의미에 대해 알아본다. 특히 천주교의 사회개혁적 지향이 왜 1970년대에 폭발적 역동성을 발휘할 수 있었는가에 대하여 종교내,외적인 요인을 알아본다.

This thesis was focus on the subject that the Korean Catholic Church discord with state's authority by concerning in social problem in 1970. also, I analyzed the discord by concrete examples In order to reconsider the 1970's Catholic Church-state authority relationship. That time, the Korean Catholic Church had cognizance a lot of contradiction of the society under autocracy. Besides, It was transformed into positive and practical association. The list, as follows, is the reasons that the Korean Catholic Church was able to be prime mover of social movement. (1)The progressive doctrine of Vatican-council. (2)The distinctive characteristics of Catholic Church System. (3)Mediate experience of Minority(theology of liberation) (4) The history of Martyrdom in the Korean Catholic Church and progressive disposition of Cardinal Stephen Kim Suhwan. (5) Oppression of autocracy - authoritative restoration. (6) Corruption and social, political, economical inequality. (7) Hostile policy on the Korean Catholic Church.(the Ji Haksun bishop Affair) (8)Expansion of social movement(i.e. a labor movement). These social movements aimed at realization of social justice and human right. Also, It was used that moral, peaceful, gradual ways. Clearly, in the pursuit of these values, the movements was unpolitical, moderate, and reformative. As I have insisted, these social movement had some limits, such as, performing by a small leading person, carelessness of most catholic, shortage of knowledge about the movement. However, the movement of Korean Catholic Church, protected its identity, and fixed one of social movements. Although the social movement brought out confrontation, tension of society, At conclusion, it developed social movement in 1970's.