2000년 이후 북한 교원양성에 관한 연구

A Study of the Teacher Education and Re-Education in North Korea - Political approach for educating teachers -

본 연구는 통일이후의 남북한 교육통합과 교육개혁을 준비하기 위하여 북한 교원교육체계에 따른 교원양성과 교원전문성의 상관관계를 살펴보고자한다. 북한정권은 1990년대의 경제난과 체제위협적인 사회 변화에 대한 해결책으로 교육 통제를 강화하였다. 교육통제의 핵심은 교원의질 관리이며,이는 교원양성과 교원재교육으로 나타났다.북한 교원의 질 제고와 관련된 것은 모두 정부에서 통제한다.교원통제는 정기적․의무적인 자격검정시험,규정된 교육강령의 집행, 교원양성기관의 당-국가적 이원체계,정치수업 강화, 교수안 검열, 각종 총화, 정치조직 활동으로 나타났다.국가의 통제로 교원은 단순한 기술 및 지식의 전달자,정치적 사회화를 위한 매개촉진자로서의 기능하도록 양성된다.사회주의 계획체제에서의 과도한 행정 업무와 당-국가체제의 교원양성은 교원의 전문성을 낮추고 교육관료로서의 기능만을 높인다.

The purpose of this research is to check the relation between raising teachers and teachers' speciality according to teachers' education system in North Korea in order to prepare for integration of education and educational innovation between the South and the North after re-unification. The government of North Korea reinforced its control over education as a solution to economical crisis and social changes that were threatening the North not to maintain its socialist system in the 1990. The focus of controlling education is improving quality of teachers, which is raising teachers and re-educating teachers in North Korea. There are political controls over teachers such as regular and mandatory tests for certification, enforcement of specified education principles, organizations for training teachers confined to dual system of party-government, focusing on political courses in school, censoring methods of teaching, various unification policies so called 'March of ordeals', and political organizations. All the respects in relation to quality of teachers are under control of the government. Teachers in the North are only required to function as intermediators supporting political socialization and transferring simple technology or information. It lowers speciality of teachers, only reinforcing functions as educational bureaucrats, to give teachers overburden administrative jobs and to raise teachers in party-government system of the North.