존 쿳시의 포스트-아파르트헤이트와 탈근대성

Post-Apartheid and Trans-Modernity of John M. Coetzee

John M. Coetzee’s novels are divided into two kinds of novels according to before and after the abolition of Apartheid in South Africa. Apartheid novels with the exception of his first novel, Dusklands, have mostly very abstract and ambiguous characters and narrative backgrounds of novels. Post-Apartheid novels with the exception of his autobiographical novels, Boyhood and Youth, have mostly very concrete and self-reflective characters and narrative backgrounds of novels. And his first novel, Dusklands and his autobiographical novels, Boyhood and Youth are the core novels in which we can appreciate differences and consistencies between two kinds of novels before and after the abolition of Apartheid in South Africa. Dusklands is comprised of two stories of “Vietnam Project” and “Narrative of Jacobus Coetzee” in which are different from each other in historical time and geographical place. But Walter D. Mignolo’s “modern/colonial world-system” theory helps us to consider of two different stories as one modern/colonial world-system's narratives in which the first and the third phases of the Western European global design colonize the global local lives in Vietnam and South Africa. In this respect, Coetzee’s novels before the abolition of Apartheid in South Africa, In the Heart of the Country, Waiting for the Barbarians, Life and Times of Michael K, and Foe are post-modern novels in which deconstruct of the South African local Apartheid lives and the global epistemological Apartheid made by the modern European philosophical epistemology of dichotomy of white and black(or coloured)of the first phase, civilization and barbarian of the second phase, developed countries and undeveloped(or developing) countries of the third phase in the modern/colonial world-system. Boyhood and Youth are two autobiographical stories of South African modern colonial Apartheid experiences and English postmodern modernity experiences in which are different from each other in historical time and geographical place. But Walter D. Mignolo’s “modern/colonial world-system” theory helps us to consider of two different stories as one modern/colonial world-system’s narratives in which the modern Western European global design colonizes the South African local lives. In this respect, Coetzee’s novels after the abolition of Apartheid in South Africa, Disgrace, The Lives of Animal, Elizabeth Costello, and Slow Man are trans-modern novels in which are consisted of the trans-modern knowledge of other language, other logic and other thinking based on other trans-modern lives than the modern/colonial lives in the modern/colonial world-system. Other language, other logic and other thinking in the trans-modern novels of John Coetzee are the process of languaging in becoming minority, the ecological logic of becoming something and the thinking of ecological relation.