철을 이용한 실내외 환경조형물 제작에 관한 연구

A Study on Making Indoor and Outdoor Environmental Formations Using lron

The development of industry from ancient times to the present has been underlaid with abilities to handle iron. Assuming that the value and utility of iron as a material of formative arts and crafts have not been appreciated properly, the present study purposed to suggest methods of utilizing iron as a formative material of contemporary arts and crafts. For this purpose, we reviewed the basic properties of iron and examined different kinds of iron and iron alloys. In addition, we investigated the strong points and excellencies of iron, looked for methods of creating environmental formations using iron and evaluated the aesthetic value of !fon. Iron is a widely used important material because it has high strength, hardness and tenacity compared to other metals and the properties can be enhanced to some degree through heat treatment. However, because pure iron is too tender and impractical, it is alloyed with other elements. Among alloys, stainless steel has beautiful surface and high resistance against corrosion, so it is usable without surface treatment such as coating and painting and, as a result, it does not cause environmental contamination. Thus the material is considered to have many positive aspects for the environment. Steel material is economically efficient due to the large amount of deposits. Raw material can be mass-produced and it can be formed and processed into final products. Furthermore, its workability such as cutting and welding is higher than other structural materials, so the material is suitable for part processing and assembly industries. However, because iron is easily corroded and oxidized in the air, it needs to have separate chemical treatment such as surface treatment and coating. For this, external materials with improved surface treatment and corrosion-resistance are being developed recently and one of them is weathering steel. Weathering steel is less corrosive in the air and highly corrosion- resistant compared to ordinary steel. In addition, a stable film is formed over time, which prevents the progress of corrosion and reduces the cost of structure maintenance. Because of these advantages, weathering steel is spotlighted as a new material distinguished from existing finishing materials and expanding its application as an external material of construction. In addition, it is an environment- friendly external material in that it can be used as it is without additional artificial surface treatment. One of patterns that can be called 'contemporary' in fine art since the 20th century is the emergence of iron formations based on welding technology, and another is the establishment of the concept of environmental formations. Formations have a direct relation with vanous materials that have their own uruque properties. With the materials, artists express their ideas in natural forms, and one of their important jobs is to discover beauty latent in the materials. The plasticity, permanence and economic efficiency of Iron suggest new possibility of creation in terms of material and technique. In addition, the durability, heavy feel and gigantic scale of iron make it a suitable material of environmental formations in harmony with urban spaces of contemporary society. Environmental formations are structures installed inside and outside buildings to improve the beauty of surrounding environment and to contribute to emotional stability. They enrich the culture of human community and create new spaces for interaction between man and nature. This is a concept compatible with circulation of nature, and IS consistent with the penTlanent circulation of iron in the aspect of the recycling of iron. The author linked the changing process of fonnations to the concept of circulation in living organic bodies through changes over time in color and texture of weathering steel and contrast between weathering steel and stainless steel.