촉감각적 지시법(Wafer-method)에 의한 청각장애아동의 조음개선 효과

The Effects of Wafer - method on Improvement of Articulation in Hearing Impaired Children

청각장애 아동들은 청지각의 문제로 인해서 조음오류를 범하게 된다. 이러한 조음오류를 개선시키기 위해서는 다감각적인 접근이 필요하다. 특히 촉감각과 시각을 이용하는 것은 그들에게 유용한 접근방법이 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Wafer-method와 같은 촉감각을 이용하여 그 조음개선을 살펴보았다. 세 명의 청각장애 아동을 대상으로 하여 대상간 중다기초선 설계방법으로 실험하였고, 음소는 연구개음과 치조음을 선정하였다. 연구결과는 치료효과와 유지효과를 측정하여 기초선 평가 때 실시한 결과와 그 향상정도를 비교 분석하였으며, 그 결과 연구개음과 치조음에서 모두 개선을 보였다. 그러나 학습하지 않은 다른 단어로의 전이 정도는 그 다지 많지 않았다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the improvement s of articulation of alveolar consonant s and velar sounds , and to investigate the effect s of transfer of the con sonant s to words when applying tactile feedback by Wafer -method of articulation therapy of the hearing impaired children. Each subject was scheduled for a 30 minute session three times a week. T he subject s received 36 ses sions of articulation training during 4 months. T he treatment design used was a multiple baseline across the subject s. The tactile feedback by Wafer -method was administered to each subject individually . T he result s of this study were as follows ; (1) the alveolar consonant / d/ and the velar con sonant / k/ improved remarkably for all children ; (2) the alveolar con sonant / d/ improved more than the velar / k/ ; (3) the improvement s of objective sound / d/ , independent consonant / k/ and meaningless syllable did not have effect s on transferring to words that were not cured for all children ; (4) the tongue training cour se conducted at the beginning of this program had effect s on the tongue and the mobility and stability of the lower jaw. All children took passive attitude to the tongue training at the beginning of program. And they had difficulty in detaching wafer s that were attached on the upper and lower lips , and on the left and right lips , due to immobility , instability and tension, etc. But , as the frequency of cures increased, the mobility and stability of the tongue improved remarkably , and the children became positive as to the movement of the tongue.