단순언어장애 아동의 대화 말차례 특성

Turn-Taking Characterist ics of Children with Specific Language Impairment and Normal Children

본 연구에서는 대화를 원활하게 주고받을 수 있는 언어연령 4- 5세의 단순언어장애 아동 15명, 언어연령을 맞춘 정상아동 15명을 대상으로 아동- 성인간의 대화자료를 분석하여, 두 집단의 아동들이 (1) 전체발화에 대한 중첩된 말차례의 비율 및 각 하위유형에 따른 비율, (2) 순차적 말차례에서 발화방향, 선행발화에 대한 반응율, 말차례당 발화수, 선행발화에 대한 즉각 반응율 및 의미연결 반응율에서 유의한 차이를 보이는지 알아보았다. 연구결과, 두 집단 아동들은 (1) 중첩된 말차례의 비율에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 중첩된 말차례의 하위유형인 문장초 중첩말차례의 비율에서 유의한 차이를 보였으며, (2) 순차적 말차례에서 선행발화에 대한 반응율, 말차례당 발화수, 선행발화에 대한 의미연결 반응율에서 유의한 차이를 보였고, 발화방향, 선행발화에 대한 즉각반응율에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the turn- taking characteristics between the specific language impaired (SLI) and the normal children. Fifteen SLI children and fifteen normal children, matched with their language age at 4;0- 5;11, participated in this study. Spontaneous utterances were elicited and videotaped from the free play interactions between the child and the researcher. The result s were analyzed with t - test. The results indicated that the SLI children showed qualitative and quantitative differences from those of the normal children in terms of turn error s, interruptions, interactive attention, responsiveness, number of turns, adjacent and contingent responses. To be more specific, the result s of the present study were as follows: (1) both groups of children didn t show any significant differences in the percentages of occurrence of simultaneous and nonsimultaneous turns, (2) The percentage of occurrence of SLI children s sentence- initial overlaps was significantly higher than that of the normal children, (3) Both groups of children didn t show any significant difference in the percentages of occurrence of sentence- internal overlaps, (4) There were significant differences in responsiveness, number of turns, contingent responses between the two groups. The SLI children were significantly less responsive than normal children. In addition, the SLI children produced significantly fewer turns and contingent responses than normal children, (5) There was no significant difference in utterance focus and in adjacent responses.