무슬림 여성에 대한 이해와 선교적 접근

An understanding of Muslim Women and A Missions Approach - Focusing Pakistan Context -

This study is on issues of Muslim women's predicament in Islamic culture, examining these issues with the purpose to presenting the Christian mission imperative and its approach to Muslim women who are under oppression of Islamic systems. The hypothesis of this study is that the discrimination against women is due to Islamic social systems, which have been intensified according to the rulers' disposition supported by Islamists. Pakistan is a representative case of it. Pakistan established a Muslim state separately at the time of the independence of India from British rule, and required an attempt to solidify the nation consisting of various ethnic groups under Islam for the social and political stability. Since political leaders have recognized Islamization as an effective means for Pakistani solidarity, they have established social systems by introducing Islamic laws as a part of Isamization. Islam has functioned importantly in uniting various component segments of society, and has been the ideology and crucial motive for the founding of Pakistan. The revival of the Islamic fundamentalism in Pakistan was supported by rulers who thought of Islam as the ideology to solidify the nation. The impact of Ismization on the social status of women has been serious because women's low place in that culture in grounded on Isalmic Scripture, Qur'an and Islamic traditions, Hadith. The gender discriminative references implied in Qur'an and Hadith have helped social systems to justify the discrimination against women over the time. Their usual practices are the purdah, the punitive law, the evidence law, the revenge and compensation law, and the family law. Those gender discriminative social systems have given rise to the domestic violences against women as well as restriction of sphere of women, and the violences against women such as the honor killing in Pakistan have increased. The honor killings in the name of the family honor have become a serious problem in Islamic countries. Recently, the static of women's education reveals an increasing number of women in education and in high position in Pakistan society. But many women in lower classes are still in illiteracy and poverty, and those women observe purdah, an Islamic social system. The image of women in God's Kingdom is studied for understanding of the missions perspective toward muslim women who are segregated and have lost their rights under Islamization. The heaven which muslims describe is a paradise to be given to faithful Muslim men, where beautiful women among other compensation are prepared. This description of heaven suggests that women is subordinated to men. This study argues that the true image of women in the God's Kingdom is accomplished by liberation through Christ from patriarchism at the level of social structure and oppression by dark spiritual powers. To present true liberation to Muslim women, Christian mission should be a mission being with them, sharing their suffering, and thereby giving rise to transformation in their life and spirit. That is termed incarnational missions, which need hermeneutics considering the social and cultural contexts. The contextualization, however, should not allow the culture in which oppressing human right is justified in the perspective of cultural relativism.