『기해일기』에 대한 기초적 연구

Fundamental Study of 『Gihae Diary (Biography of martyrs and martyresses who died from Catholic persecution in 1839)』

『Gihae Diary』 is a biographical sketch of the Catholics who died for their faith from persecution in the year of Gihae, 1839. This book, written in Korean, is a precious material in the aspect that it covers the history of Catholicism in the first half of the 19th century and that it shows a part of the Chosun society at that time. However, as there are few researches of it at present, fundamental facts of Gihae Diary』 are not fully clarified. This paper examines the basic facts of 『Gihae Diary』 on the basis of Records of the martyrs' testimony of persecution in the years of Gihae(1839) and Byeong-Oh(1846).(기해 병오박해 순교자 증언록). Through this examination, it discovers that: the materials for 『Gihae Diary』 were collected by several people after the Gihae Persecution and based on these materials, Young-soo Choi(최영수) made a draft in the beginning of 1841; however, Young-soo Choi was arrested in April (in lunar calendar) 1841 so Seok-mun Hyeon(현석 문) replaced him to write this book; Seok-mun Hyeon corrected Young-sooChoi's draft and completed 『Gihae Diary. 1841 can be assumed as the time Seok-mun Hyeon completed this book through the fact that Eui-jeong Choi (최의정) Peter read this book through Seok-mun Hyeon in 1841. The original of 『Gihae Diary』 is not available at present and two manuscripts of it are kept in Jeoldusan Martyrs' Shrine(절두산순교성지) and the Research Foundation of Korean Church History(한국교회사연구소) respectively. In the past, it was said that the manuscript in the Research Foundation of Korean Church History was copied against that in Jeoldusan Martyrs' Shrime, but both copies have several differences. So it is assumed that there will be another copy for the manuscript in the Research Foundation of Korean Church History. Gihae Diary』 classified the arrested Catholics into “beheaded death” and “in-jail death” according to their execution type, and it made the records in the order of the date of death. There are more martyresses (50) than martyrs (25) in the book, but more importance was given to martyrs. In addition, the biographical sketches of several people including Ha-sang Jeong(정하상) show that Catholics were not anti-national. Repeatedly, it can be said that 『Gihae Diary』 is an important material in the respect that it shows the existence type of Catholics living in the first half of the 19th century and that it contains many unique contents not available in other materials. In addition, it is the only Korean-written biography of martyrs who died from the Gihae Persecution. And it shows a new human model based on the ideology of Catholicism.