五代史臣對於后宮問題的立場

The Position on the Imperial Concubines’ Problem of the Historians during the Five Dynasties ----- The case of “Yong-Liu Sixth Year Incident” in the Old Historical Book of Tang

本文所指的“永徽六年事件”乃發生於唐高宗永徽六年 （655）十月的皇后廢立之事。作為唐初的一件重大政治事件，“永徽六年事件”標誌著 武則天由先帝后妃的身份邁向最高政治權力核心的第一步。有鑒於歷代史書對於武則天在此事件過程中所扮演的角色 之說法不盡相同，故本文的重點不在於從史料的角度對“永徽六年事件”的真相加以辨偽，而是通過採摭『舊唐書』中此事件的相關論述，結合與對五代史臣在纂修該史書過程中所處的政治大環境與所持的特定考量，進而探視出編撰背後的動機與深意。由相關論證可見，史臣在編纂史事的過程中往往都會由所處環境的角度出發給予該事件特定的詮釋。“永徽六年事件”之研究只不過是窺視史觀演變的其中一個切入口。如果能以此為起點，擴大所採摭的史書範疇，持續開展至武則天生平中的其它事蹟上，想必會更有系統地整理出歷代對武則天各個方面的評議。

The “Yong-Liu Sixth Year Incident” (‘the Incident’) referred to in this paper denotes the deposition and replacement of empresses that occurred in the October of 655 A.D. Being one of the most significant political events during the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the Incident represents the first step taken by Wu Zetian（武則 天） to attain the highest central power from being a concubine of Emperor Taizong （唐太宗）. The view and interpretation of Wu Zetian’s role in the Incident taken by historians of past dynasties and modern academics, different as they may be among themselves, do provide us certain basis upon which we may appreciate the Incident more comprehensively. It is not the purpose of this thesis to probe into the truth of the Incident from the historical perspective. Instead, it analyses the historical view encompassed in the Old Historical Book of Tang（『舊唐書』） through the study of the expositions in these historical literatures in respect of the Incident. The paper intends to analyse the “new idea” of the Five Dynasties historians towards the Incident by examining the descriptions in the Old Historical Book of Tang. Finally, the conclusion proofs that historians often gave the Incident specific interpretations based on the respective environments in which they found themselves to have been. The study of the Incident is merely one of the many ways to examine the evolution of historical view. It will of course be much meaningful if we can, making this thesis a starting point, expand the use of historical records and study the other life stories of Wu Zetian.