칼빈의 성경 해석학(Biblical Hermeneutics)이 제네바 사역(Pastoral Work)에 미친 영향

Influence of Calvin's Biblical Hermeneutics on Calvin's Pastoral Work in Geneva

Korean Church made a great developed in the process of the reception of John Calvin's Theology in accordance with the Korean modern history. Nowadays, however, Korean Church encounters with the problems raised from the separation of the Bible interpretation and the daily life. In this background, this paper researches the influence of Calvin's Biblical Hermeneutics and his pastoral work in Geneva. First, in order to understand Churches' type in the society, this paper surveys the theory of E. Troeltsch with his book, The Social Teachings of the Christian Churches. He proposed three types of Church models - Church Type, Sect Type and Mysticism Type. Richard Niebuhr also suggested five types of Churches in the world in his Christ and Culture. They are "Christ against Culture," "Christ and Culture in Paradox," "Christ, the Transformer of Culture," "Christ above Culture" and "Christ of Culture, namely Christ the fulfiller of Culture." According to his idea, Calvin and Augustine are named as the transformers of the Culture. With these backgrounds, this paper researches Calvin's interpretation of Acts 2: 43-45and his sermons with the same Bible text. Acts 2 shows the characters of the Early Church community. How did Calvin interpret it? Calvin denied the argument of the radical reformations as well as that of the hypocritical conservatives. Calvin finds his own way as "via media."When we think about Calvin's sermon with the same Acts 2: 43-45, we find almost similar meanings. However, in his sermons, Calvin shows three characters. He tried to use the Bible instead of the philosophical terms. In addition, Calvin uses Zwinglian nuance in case of the Sacraments. Finally, Calvin emphasizes the work of Holy Spirit in his sermon. How, then, did Calvin apply his Biblical Hermeneutics in Geneva with his pastoral works? In the social and political situation, Calvin applied his idea in Geneva, based on his Biblical hermeneutics from Acts 2. Especially, with the Biblical concept of double functions of "deacons, such as 'procureur' and hospitalliers,'" Calvin contributed into the social works of Geneva with the organizations of "General Hospital" and "Bourse France." As a conclusion, through Calvin's Bible hermeneutics and sermon and his pastoral works in Geneva, Calvin tried to accomplish "Regnum Dei" both in the Church and in the society of Geneva.