완벽주의와 정서강도, 정서 인식 명확성에 따른 하위집단과 정신건강

A Comparison of Mental Health among Clusters by Perfectionism, Affect Intensity and Emotional Clarity and Psychological Adjustment

본 연구는 수도권 대학생 246명을 대상으로, 완벽주의, 정서강도, 정서인식 명확성의 조합에 따라 어떤 자연발생적인 하위집단이 형성되며 각 하위집단 간 정신건강 차이가 어떠한지를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 이에 완벽주의, 정서강도, 정서인식 명확성을 중심으로 2단계 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 정서인식 명확성에서는 집단간 차이가 유의미하지 않아 완벽주의의 두 차원인 사회부과 완벽주의와 자기지향 완벽주의, 그리고 정서강도에 따라 4집단(범완벽주의 평균정서 집단, 사회부과 완벽주의 강렬정서 집단, 비완벽주의 무딘정서 집단, 자기지향 완벽주의 민감정서 집단)으로 구분되었다. 이 중 사회부과 완벽주의가 높으면서 정서를 강렬하게 느끼는 집단이 정신건강상 어려움이 많았고 자기지향 완벽주의가 높으면서 정서에 민감한 집단의 정신건강이 가장 양호했다. 이런 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점, 그리고 앞으로의 연구방향에 대한 시사점을 언급하였다.

This study examined individual differences in perfectionism and emotional variables, such as Socially Prescribed Perfectionism(SPP), Self-Oriented Perfectionism(SOP), Affect Intensity(AI) and Emotional Clarity(EC), and their characteristics in psychological adjustment. According to cluster analysis, emotional clarity is not significant enough to distinguish each group. Thus, the combination of the other three variables, Socially Prescribed Perfectionism, Self-Oriented Perfectionism, and Affect Intensity, drawn from 246 college students formed four clusters. 'The General Perfectionism and average affect group' is characterized by the highest scores on Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and Self-Oriented Perfectionism, together with an average score on Affect Intensity, compared to other groups. The 'Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and intense affect group' is characterized by a higher score on Socially Prescribed Perfectionism compared to other groups, combined with the highest score on Affect Intensity and the lowest score on Self-Oriented Perfectionism. By contrast, 'Self-Oriented Perfectionism and sensitive affect group' is characterized by a lower score on Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and a higher score on Self-Oriented Perfectionism, Affect Intensity in relation to other groups. Finally, 'Non-Perfectionism and cool affect group' is characterized by the lowest score on Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and Affect Intensity, together with a lower score on Self-Oriented Perfectionism compared to other groups. The cluster analysis along with MANOVA results, suggest the four groups significantly differ in their score across psychological symptoms. Among four groups, Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and intense affect group reveals the most elevated symptoms, especially somatization disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety and paranoid ideation, which indicates that this group would experience more psychological distress.