'强制連行'에서의 供出構造

The Structure of Forcedly Mobilized Labourers Transportation - Regarding the Governor general's Office policy and Pusan Job distribution center's role in 1939~1940 -

This paper aims at clarifying how the Choson Governor-general's office drew up and implemented the "Korean Labour Group Migration" policy. In the conventional research, when positioning a "Korean laborer group migration" policy, the time classification called the "Collection term", the "Official Recommendation term", and "Commandeering term" based on the name of the law in Japan about the selection method of the laborer has been used. However, the argument has been made, while it has not been clear how the delivery of the laborer of a "Collection term" was performed, especially in this period since there has been very little interest in the laborer mobilization policy which the Cohson Governor-general's office performed. In this paper, in is shown clearly through the actual condition of a Pusan national employment agency in what position the Choson Governor-general's office performed this policy, and what influence the plan of the Choson governor-general's office had on the laborer delivery organization in 1939 when the laborer group migration policy started, and 1940 when "Job Distribution law" was taken out. Although "Governor-general's office Rrecommendation" and "Local Government Recommendation" plans started in 1937 aimed at mobilizing a laborer to the construction site in Korea at first, but in 1938, mobilization to mines was also performed, many of such forces laborers deserted their work which resulted in the surfacing of contradiction of this policy. At the same time there was a need for imported Korean labour in Japan. the Governor-general's office had to adjust the distribution of labourers for the Korean and Japanese requirements. Due to a severe drought in 1939, the Choson Governor-general's office advertized in the newspaper by making labor mobilization into a Drought Relief policy, in order to solve the contradiction of a labor mobilization policy. The labor mobilization as drought relief measures was "killing three birds with one stone" for the governor-general's office. the first one being to pacify the affected people, the second was the collection of people without trouble in the name of relief and thirdly the relief money could be saved. However, the labor mobilization secretly in the name of relief measures was forced on the affected people. In 1940, "Job Distribution law" was drawn up, and it went into much more full-scale labor mobilization organization. However, "Job Distribution law" was not applied to all labour mobilization performed in Choson. Different rules applied for the labour meant for Japan and Governor general's office. priority was given to the Labour mobilized for Korean purposes over the ones mobilized for Japan. This policy of the law being applied especially for the labour mobilized for Choson stirred up various problems. One of which was the companies operating from Choson did not have any problems with regard to labour. But, in meant inhuman working conditions for the Korean labourers. The companies based in Japan which did not receive such benefits sought different measures to secure labour the result of which was forced migration of labour in a variety of areas.