'分斷내셔널리즘'과 '朝鮮籍' 在日朝鮮人

Nationalism of Divided Korea and Chosen People in Japan -The Interprepation of the Concept "Chosen" Nationality by the Third Generation-

This paper investigates Chosen(Koreans with North Korean nationality who live in Japan) people's experiences of diaspora, that while they don't have passports as 'non-citizens', they have tried to maintain and reproduce their identity through the anthropological, historical analysis. For the analysis, I conducted fieldwork three times in Japan and talked with those who have been taught 'national identity'. Now, Koreans with North Korean nationality(Chosen people) are about 150,000. As a nation whose name is Chosen doesn't exit, Although 'Chosen' people don't have nationality legally, they have collectively been regarded as 'abroad residents of North Korea'. It's because the term, Chosen has been used only to refer to North Korea in context of the devision. But the third generation, who graduated from 'Chosen school' financially supported by North Korea, form 'compound identity', thinking of South Korea as 'a homeland', of North Korea as 'the fatherland', and of Japan as 'a country for residence'. Furthermore, they experience South Korean society through travel or study abroad and negotiate for maintenance as settled foreigners in many ways in Japan. The result of that, their identity is floating has no distince sense of belonging with each country - South Korea, North Korea, and Japan. This study was done during the post cold war process. It tried to explain the meaning of 'North Korean nationality' - always thought to be relation to only North Korea - in a way of post cold war. Not belonging to one country, the third generation of Chosen people go beyond the borders of three countries, building mixed culture and forming their identity. The significance of this paper would be to provide a new perspective for understanding the identity of Chosen people through real examples.