開港期 釜山에서 본 日本의 朝鮮認識

Japanese concept of Korea in Shown in Busan of the Early Modern Period

This paper investigates Japanese concept of Koreans as others through the economic activities and remarks by Japanese in Busan, which became an open port sins 1876 Kanghwado Treaty. Previous studied pointed out that most of the Japanese ruling class and intellectuals already had contempt for Koreans in the late Edo Period and the contempt and superiority swamped among ordinary people during the late 19th century and the beginning of 20th century. However, about the ordinary people's concept of Korea, most theories lacked concrete evidences. Therefore, in order to examine the actual examples, I reviewed the Japanese who lived in Busan since 1876 until 1910 and tried to clarify their concept of Koreans. The prototype of modern Japanese Orientalistic view of Korea formed during Edo Period, based on Jingu's myth of conquering 'Samhan(three kingdoms which existed in the Korean ancient period)' and Toyotomi Hideyoshi's invasion of Korea. But they needed civilization ideology in order to unify people as the modern nation state. They confirmed the superiority over Koreans by witnessing the reality of Busan and they stigmatized Koreans as barbarous, with the viewpoint of civilization. Those concepts encouraged Japanese to act atrocity in Korea. Particularly, in Busan, as the earliest open port, there was being created a asymmetric colonial order of rights, even before the annexation of Korea by Japanese and it became the Japanese territory. Nowadays, the serious effect of Japanese influence in Busan remains as remnants of the colonial rule in all around the city.