1955年 南北統一促進協議會에 관한 硏究

A Study on South and North Korean Unification Promotion Council in 1955

This thesis is about South and North Korean Unification Promotion Council which was formed in 1955 by the Korean Residents Union in Japan(Mindan), the Chosun United Democratic Front In Japan(MinJeon), and neutral personages. The council started from the reflection on a confrontation between left and right in the existing society composed of Korean Residents in Japan at the point of time when a new movement by Korean Residents in Japan had to be established after the Korean War. The council had a view of unification similar to UN Plan not biased against South and North Korea by presenting as a plan for the unification the plan that South and North Korea should hold a general election under the supervision of UN. The council had organizational neutrality in order to firmly maintain a perspective unbiased against either of South and North Korea. However, it was not an organization aiming at the neutralized unification in a political sense. It did not specify the national system after the unification because in saw the system as having to be determined by a referendum. Not an organization of political character, it stood for national or ethnic movement. The figures participating in the council included an anarchist, a socialist, and a pro-Japanese with various ideal background. As the generations in their middle years and in their manhood who had spent their youth in the era of Japanese imperialism, they had in common with one another the experience of being under the rule of the imperialism. Thus, they had a nationalist perspective in the question of the unification apart from their own ideas. They saw the division of the fatherland as lacking independence and unification not achieved as independence not attained. The council tried to become a subjective organization with organizationally independent declaration, platform, and local organizations. People responded greatly to the 1955 anniversary of the Independence Movement of March 1st, 1919 planned by it, which was kept not flying the national flags of North and South Korean in the halls of commemorative ceremony. Not flying a national flag or placard as a symbol for the state or belief supported by oneself aimed at controlling the antagonistic attitude resulting from a confrontation between ideas. Like it, the council insisted that they should be united despite the difference in idea in the question which could be solved as an ethnic one. However, the society composed of Korean Residents in Japan was once again incorporated in the structure of division fixated when a movement by Korean Residents in Japan centering on North Korea was clarified with a departure of the General Association of Korean Residents in Japan(Chongryon). The connection between North Korea and the General Association of Korean Residents in Japan(Chongryon), the reinforcement of anti-Communism by Korean government, and the established of composition by Liberal Democratic Party and Socialist Party in Japan caused divisionism and anti-Communism to be fixated between Korean and Japan, which development the movement by the council no longer and incapacitated it.