일제시기 명동본당의 신자 단체 활동 연구

A Study on the Believers’ Group Activities of the Myeongdong Parish during Japanese Colonial Period

The Catholic Church in Korea during Japanese colonial period can be divided into three subjects. The first is the imperial Japan which ruled Korea as a colony, and the next is the two components of the church under the rule of the imperial Japan. These two components were the ministers who spread the gospel and the believers who accepted the gospel and maintained their faith. This study focused on the Myeongdong Parish which can be regarded as the center of Korean Catholic Church in order to investigate the activity of the Japanese colonial period Korean believers. After the ‘Acquisition of Korea’ in 1910, the imperial Japan monitored the movements of all religious organizations in Korea and also regulated the human and material resources in Korea. The Myeongdong Parish, which was located in Seoul along with the Chosun Government General which enforced these regulations, was put under its strong influence. Also, in the Myeongdong Parish, which had the cathedral place in its areas, the instructions of the Seoul diocesan bishop were followed actively and exemplarily. When trying to think the location and the representative characteristic of consequently like this the Myeongdong Parish, if tries to observe the believer activity the within the Myeongdong Parish and this at once the simultaneous timely Korean Roman Catholic Church puts out from was the feature of believer activity what will be the possibility of trying to observe one side. The Myeongdong Parish installed in 1882 played its role as the central place of Korean church by building churches, hosting the parish services and Catholic events, maintaining the martyrs, publishing books, and managing schools. After the imperial Japan’s acquisition of Korea in 1910, arrangement tries the trend of believer group activity of the Myeongdong Parish which follows in rule change of Japanese empire and with afterwords is same. After the imperial Japan’s acquisition of Korea in 1910, the Korean church faced a lot of difficulties during the oppressive ruling because of the separation policy of politics and religion, the religion controlling policy such as ‘proclamation rule,’ the military drafting of the missionaries due to the First World War, etc. During this difficult time, the Myeongdong Parish acknowledged the colonial ruling superficially and was not able to represent the Korean people under the ruling of Japan. From like this atmosphere 속 Korean believers within the parish formed organizations with the purpose of friendship and improvement in faith, giving birth to the passionate organizational activity of the believers in various areas from 1920’s to 1930’s. Entering the cultural ruling period, the Japanese empire permitted foundation founding in the church. The Korean church pursued many activities by establishing a supporting foundation, and in the case of Seoul diocese, these activities were centered on the parish in Myeongdong. The Myeongdong Parish during this period maintained the facilities, and constructed many other sub-buildings. Due to the increase in the number of believers, the Baekdong Parish was divided. Jesus’s Faithful Followers and Jonghyun Young Catholics composed of male believers, Sungmo Volunteer Group composed of female believers, and Aegeunghwi with the purpose of social work were established and pursued their activities in various areas. This develops an activity from the church outside, started there is meaning. In the war time, Korean church was forced by Japan to join the Chosun Confederation of General Mobilization of People Spirit. Then, in the movement of Japan which tried to replace the religious leaders with Japanese people, the first Korean bishop was produced. In this background, the church of the Myeongdong Parish was used as a place for hosting many war-related events by Korean church.