稷山方言音系

A Study of a Phonological System in Jishan Dialect;

Jishan dialect belongs to Fenhe Cluster of Zhongyuan Mandarin. There are some ancient and especial characteristics in its Initial, Final and Tonal system. There is a set of pre‐.nasal sounds [mb, nd, -ŋg], and all ancient fully voiced obstruents are pronounced as aspirated unvoiced initials. The ancient Velars remain unpalatalized, but read as [k, kh, x] in vernacular pronunciation (VP) when followed by the second‐Idivision and non‐Jumedialed finals. The ancient five rhyme groups Dang, Jiang, Zeng, Geng, Tong, which do not end with oral stops [-p, -t, -k], differ in literary pronunciation (LP) and in vernacular pronunciation. And the difference is rich and systematic. The majority of the finals from rhyme groups Dang, Jiang, Geng, and the third‐Jdivision of rhyme group Zeng have lost their nasal codas [-m, -n, -ŋ] in VP. The finals from the rhyme group Tong and firstdivision of rhyme group Geng end with the alveolar nasal [-n] in VP, but end with velar nasal [-ŋ] in LP. The ancient Entering tone from unvoiced and sonorant initials change into Yin Level tone in Fenhe Cluster, but they change into Falling tone in Jishan dialect. There are some other sound changes in Jishan dialect, for example, Tone sandhi, neutral tone, [ɚJ] suffixation and “z sound change” and so on. These characteristics make Jishan dialect special and valuable. The study of it can give useful materials to studying Zhongyuan Mandarin.