백제 온조왕대 강역획정 기사의 제설 검토

The Examination of Studies about the Article of Territorial Demarcation in the Times of King On-jo of Baekje

Baekje’s origin and establishment, and the process of its evolution could be traced through the records of “Baekje-bongi”(「百濟本紀」) in Samguksaki(『三國史記』). Baekje recorded in “Baekje-bongi” held a dominant position in relations with Lelang(樂浪), Malgal(靺鞨), Mahan(馬韓) and so on, and increased national power through using the natural environment of the Han River basin under the reign of King On-jo. Of the records of “Baekje-bongi”, the article of territorial demarcation in 6 B.C. was that the territory extended northward to the Fae-ha(浿河), southward the Woong-cheon(熊川), westward great sea, and eastward Ju-yang(走壞). Most of scholars doubted that the article was not the fact of the reign of On-jo, but the one of coming generations, and they presented a variety of views about time of territorial demarcation and position of territory. The first view about the time was to decide territorial demarcation in On-jo because in that time Baekje went beyond a step of walled-town state and came to territorial state as the mature stage in 6 B.C. The second one was to demarcate the territory in King Ko-i for in the time Baekje formed the confederated kingdom, established the nation and thus absorbed the surrounding powers and extended its territory on all sides. The third one was to circumscribed the territory in King Kunchogo for as conqueror Kunchogo largely extended its territory according to the article of “Baekje-bongi”. This fact went back to the one of On-jo. Moreover, there were the varied views about the position. For example, Fae-ha was regarded as Tae-dong River, Ye-seong River, or Im-jin River; Ju-yang as Chun-cheon or Ga-pyeong; Woong-cheon as An-seong River or Geum River. But each view involved a lot of controversial issues. Because the related view and awareness vastly were different, many problems were indicated. On this, if the article of territorial demarcation in On-jo was real, it represented the process of development that Baekje was established, absorbed the surrounding powers and extended its territory. Thus, the historical awareness seen in “Baekje-bongi”, if there were some controversies, was to lay emphasis on the fact that Baekje demarcated its territory in the times of King On-jo