여주지역 신라 고분의 특징과 성격 고찰

A Study of Features and Character the Silla periods Tomb in YeoJu

This study was arranged to examine the structural features and the construction times of ancient tombs of the period of the Three kingdoms~the Unified Silla Periods in YeoJu. The following things are several structural features confirmed ancient tombs in YeoJu. First, the distribution of ancient tombs is located near the riverside of Nam-han river or along mountain ranges like Hageo-ri Bangmigigol and Sanggeo-ri tombs area. Ancient tombs are located on the slope of south mountain or on the hill and they are concentrated on a large scale. Second, their structural features are that the floor plan of tombs in stone-made rooms is rectangular or square. As the ratio length of tombs-rooms, stone-made rooms is on an average 1.85:1, other tombs-rooms found the stone-made tombs is on an average 2.55:1. As the tombs-room area, the stone-made rooms are on an average 3.59㎡, the stone-made tombs are on an average 2.04㎡. And the path of tunnel stone-made room is usually located in the center of Byeckche. The path floor of tunnel stone-made room is over 10cm~80cm of tombs-rooms. The ratio length of the path of tunnel stone-made room was found on an average 1.49:1. The ceilings of stone-made rooms were mostly flat and 4~6 Jangdaeseok or Pansangseok were used as the ceiling. The Byeckche leans to the inside and the diameter of burial mounds are 7.4m~11m and the height of burial mounds are 3~4m or so. As the character of Jang chuk and Du hyang, stone-made rooms are at right angles to contour and they are 42 among 55. It means 77.8%. the stone-made tombs are 26 among 31, it means 83.9% and mostly stone-made tombs are built along slopes. The north side is longer than the east side in the most stone-made tombs, the bodies’ head are mostly put in the north. 43 of 55 stone-made rooms have bodies’ tables(78.2%), and 22 of 31 stone-made tombs have them(71.0%). As the tables for head, 24 stone-made rooms have them, 3 stone-made tombs have them. As mentioned of grave goods, first we can find 118 earthenware in 40 stone-made rooms and also find gold crowns, earrings, bells. Among earthenware, there are 86 Ho and bottles(72.9%), the rest order are Gobae and Gae. We can find a gold crown in a only stone-made room of Maerongri 5, and it helps to estimate the body’s position. Second, in stone-made tombs, Ho and bottles are found more than other kinds of grave goods. Investigators and scholars considered that the time of building was from the mid 6 century to the 7 century, and the main people who build were the residents around Han-river after the mid 6 century and they adopted the form of tombs. Shilla advanced to Han-river in the mid 6 century.