간도의 지배체제 형성을 둘러싼 중ㆍ일의 대립

The confrontation between China and Japan on the hegemony of Gando Region : focused on the 1910s

Through the conclusion of the Gando Agreement, Gando was recognized as a part of the Chinese territory. However, the most important key to the question & the crux of the problem was who was going to keep the hand on Korean (people of Chosun), regardless of the dominium. Because most of the people in Gando were Koreans; people of Chosun, China established legal supremacy on Koreans in Gando as well as a dominium on the region. That is, based on the Gando Agreement, the supremacy over China was actually established in Gando. In this thesis, that is defined as “System of Gando Agreement”. Though Gando belonged to China under the System of Gando Agreement, Koreans in Gando were able to ensure the living rights as usual, because they were permitted to come-and-go and possess a land. With enforcing the Japanese annexation of Korea, however, the validity of the agreement has been a controversial problem. In concrete, it was about the position of Koreans in Gando, mentioned in the Gando Agreement; their rights for come-and-go, possessing a land, and a jurisdiction. Nevertheless, both countries had common interests with each other on the situation of Gando. The ruling system was maintained with comparative stable, lasting the system of Gando Agreement to Japanese Twenty-one demands to China. Japanese Twenty-one demands to China caused a critical change of Japanese policy on Manchuria. Japan tried to secure the ruling rights on Koreans in Gando by applying the new treaty, but China regarded it as colonization of Gando by Japan. Therefore, China resisted against Japan. This meant that Japan tried to convert the ruling system of Gando; the agreement system of Gando focusing on China into new treaty system of Gando focusing on Japan. Finally, the change of the ruling system of Gando was defined according to Koreans’ the disobedience in Gando who were the subject of the ruling. Hence, China and Japan struggled for the supremacy of Gando. This stands for complications among Korea, China, and Japan. This complication was lasted the Puppet government called “Manchukuo” was established through Manchurian Incident in 1931.