燕․秦의 遼東統治의 限界와 古朝鮮의 遼東回復

The limit of management about Liaodong area by the state of Yan and Qin and the recovery of Liaodong area by Old-chosŏn

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reason how Oldchosŏn(古朝鮮) could regained Liaodong(遼東) area in the late of the Qin(秦) empire period or the beginning of the Han(漢). Had been invaded by the state of Yan, Old-chosŏn retreated to the east of Chienshan(千山) mountain range in the beginning of the third century B.C. And so Old-chosŏn became weak. Moreover Old-chosŏn was subjected to the Qin empire in the late of the third century B.C. Considering of these political situation of Old-chosŏn at that time, it is mystery to recover Liaodong area by Old-chosŏn. By doing so, this paper investigated the cause through the limit of management about Liaodong area by the state of Yan and Qin. After conquering Liaodong area, the state of Yan established prefectures and commanderies to the area, despatched administrators, populated the people of Yan, built many walled cities and great walls. The central government of the Yan state ruled to the conquered locality in all respects. But the colonial policy was imperfection. Aborigines of Liaodong were not adapted themselves to the Yan's culture. The Yan state would changed them just in the political structure, did not tried to change their traditional culture, taking a colonial policy of the Chao(趙) state. All the more, the Yan state accepted the barbarian's culture and somewhat adapted itself to. Because of the imperfect policy of the Yan state, the traditional culture of aborigines of Liaodong was sustained until the Qin empire period. Moreover the ethnic identity of aborigines of Liaodong had been distinguishing from Yan's by the late of third century B.C. Taking advantage of the confusion in the late of the Qin empire period, descendents of the Six state, which it had been ruined by the Qin state, rehabilitated their state. At the place that it had been occupied by the Yan state during the Warring States period, scions of the Yan state reconstructed their state as well. However Liaodong area was not annexed to the Yan state but occupied by Old-chosŏn that it had been there until the beginning of the third century B.C. Recovery of Liaodong area brought about a tremendous change to Old-chosŏn, because the advanced iron culture flowed and the people who had experienced the centralized reign, immigrated. Namely the ruling power of Old-chosŏn would been expected to up. But Old-chosŏn was destroyed by Wiman(衛滿). Then the change of Chosŏn's society was put off Wiman dynasty.