高句麗와 新羅 기와 比較 硏究

A Comparative Analysis of Roof Tiles of Goguryeo and Shilla - Focusing on unearthed relics in the Goguryeo Fortress in Gyonggi-do -

The north Gyonggi area, over which three ancient states of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Shilla fiercely fought to obtain, is the juncture where many cultural elements existed in a mixed way. Recently, a lot of roof tiles have been excavated in this area by active academic investigation of specific properties of the Goguryeo Fortress. This study aims to investigate the influence relation and the extent of influence of the manufacturing method of the roof tiles between the two states, Goguryeo and Shilla, by comparing Goguryeo roof tiles excavated in the Goguryeo Fortress in Gyonggi-do, with those of Shilla that were affected much by Goguryeo. The analysis was made by attributes analysis using a statistical method. By measuring formative attributes and technical attributes of each roof tile, cross-tabs were conducted with descriptive statistics, functions statistics and ANOVA. The analysis was made classifying the properties into two: formative attributes and technical attributes. For formative attributes, the attributes of the back, inside, side, and cross section of roof tiles were investigated based on the manufacturing process. For technical attributes, thickness, color, hardness, and roof tile materials were reviewed. Then, they were subdivided again and a total of 25 attributes were observed. As a result of analysis, there were correlations in the attributes of pattern composition, stamp method, mold structure, profile division, thickness, color, etc. Although the manufacturing method of Goguryeo influenced Shilla, different statistical results were confirmed. In sum, Goguryeo generally used small spatula-shaped poles to stamp the straw rope-shaped pattern on roof tiles mainly in a vertical direction and a keyboard-type cylinder mold and a B-type profile division were mainly used. On the contrary, Shilla used longer spatula-shaped poles than those of Goguryeo and stamped the patterns obliquely. Also, a log-type cylinder mold and an A and C-type profile division were mainly used. Female roof tiles of Shilla were slimmer than those of Goguryeo, while contrary attributes were found in male roof tiles of both states. The most notable characteristic was color. In Goguryeo, red was mainly used for roof tiles but in Shilla, yellow brown, or gray was preferred. The analysis results reflected the manufacturing purpose and the concept of each state for roof tiles. Through the analysis of this study on roof tiles of Goguryeo and Shilla, it was found how the manufacturing method of roof tiles influenced Shilla and how they were reflected in Shilla roof tiles. I hope this study contributes to researches in other areas that were influenced by Goguryeo, including Shilla, in South Korea, through a comparison analysis with previous researches.