榮山江流域 初期石室墳과 北部九州地域의 石室墳

A study of the early stone-chamber mounds of YŏngsanRiver valley and the northern Kyushu

This thesis is intended to discuss an aspect of exchanges between ancient Korea and Japan, by comparative examination of the early stone chamber mounds of Korean YŏngsanRiver valley and the forth to fifth century stone chamber tombs of Kyushu, Japan. There are common characteristics found overall in the early stone chamber mounds of Korean YŏngsanRiver valley. First, the coffin chambers have square or rectangular planes. Second, the chambers have domed stone ceilings. Third, the chambers walls are usually built with stone blocks on top of a large pedestal stone. Fourth, the entrance to the chamber stretches from the center of the front wall. Fifth, the chamber entrance has a stone door frame. Sixth, objects excavated from the early mounds are found only at the interiors of the chambers, but later mounds revealed additional objects around the chamber entrances or the mound, signifying that a funerary ritual was held after burying the deceased. Horizontal digging stone chamber mounds of Japanese Archipelago began in northern Kyushu in the late fourth century and spread beyond the island to east. These northern Kyushu stone chamber mounds were transmitted from Goguryeo via Baekje and Gaya, to Wa. The late fourth century stone chamber mounds exemplified by Rji and Sukijaki Kofuns, Fukuoka City, developed into the early fifth century standardized forms exemplified by the Marukumayama Kofun, Fukuoka City, and Yokodashimo Kofun, Saga Prefecture. From mid fifteenth century, the stone chamber mounds spread south to central Kyushu and saw prevalence of regional style mounds such as Sekijinyama Kofun, Fukuoka Prefecture, or Edafunayama Kofun, Kumamoto Prefecture. Among the characteristics of the early YŏngsanRiver stone chamber mounds, the rectangular plane, the large pedestal stone, the location of the entrance and doorframes are stylistic peculiarities that are not found in the kingdoms of Korean Peninsula, Silla and Baekje, but in the northern Kyushu style stone chamber mounds. There seems to have been attempts of the regional leaders of the YŏngsanRiver valley to forge bonds with Baekje, Silla, Kaya/Gaya and Wa, and increase their influences to these allies in late fifth century, when the first/Baekje capital Hansung fell to Goguryeo armies.