韓國 靑銅遺物의 硏究

Korea’s Bronze Relics

In this paper the author attempted a synthetic period study of the bronze relics discovered in prehistoric remains in Korea. The author’s view is that Korean bronze relics can be divided into three periods. The first period embraces the introduction of bronze implements from northeast China and the characteristic relic of this period is the Manchurian bronze sword. The Manchurian bronze sword was a short sword used by the Tung-hu and thus far 10 have been unearthed in Korea. In addition to the bronze sword a few other bronze relics of the Tung-hu, such as bronze axes, knives, and button-like decorations have been discovered. It would be difficult to say that the technology of bronze casting had been introduced as of this period. In the second period the production of the Korean bronze sword began in imitation of the Manchurian bronze sword. The styles of the Korean bronze sword can be roughly divided into two types. The author used the first, or older, type as the characteristic relic of the second period. Among those relics unearthed along with the first type of sword we can find bronze bells, old style bronze mirrors, bronze spearhead and artifacts believed to be for bodily decoration, but there is also no small number of a religious nature. Varying according to the site, arrowheads of polished stone are found co-existant with these bronze relics, and the burial mounds (tumuli) of this period were mostly stone tombs. By the time of the third period, which was characterized by the second type of Korean bronze sword, the number of kinds of bronze implements had increased. Several type of bronze bells appeared as religious artifacts in addition to bronze bells and bronze mirrors. As items of daily usage the bronze axe and chisel were manufactured while such implements as the bronze kettle were being used, and there has also been a large amount of horse trappings unearthed in accompaniment. But a development of greater cultural importance was the beginning of the use of iron implements along with the bronze in this periods. The stone tomb type of bural mound disappeared and the primitive wooden coffin was popul―arized. The following is a rough outline of the comparative dates of the pre―ceding periods. The first period: from the 5th or 6th century B. C. to the end of the 4th century B. C. The second period: from the end of the 4th or beginning of the 3rd century B.C. to the middle of the 2nd century B.C. The third period: from the middle of the 2nd century B. C. to the end of the 1st century A. D.