고려 태조대 대거란 정책의 전개와 그 성격

A Deployment and Characteristics of Koryŏ Dynasty’s Policy Toward Kitan by King Taejo

This thesis is to investigate how Koryŏ dynasty’s policy toward Kitan(契丹) changed before and after its unification of the late Three Kingdom(後三國) and the historical significances of it. At first, the first King Strived for domestic stability and outside duty within the Korean Peninsula and formed a friendly relation-ships with the late Tang(唐) and Owŏl(吳越) of China and Parhae(渤海). Since there hadn’t been any direct threat of Kitan yet, he made no response to its approach in 922. However, as Kitan destroyed Parhae in 926, Koryo felt the threat of Kitan;s expansion policy and began to send envoys to Kitan and as rivalry between Koryŏ and the late late Paekche(後百濟) had become severe since 927. Koyrŏ actively tied itself with the late Tang while loosening its tie with Kitan. Because Kitan concentrated its efforts to advance into the central temtory of China, its power over Parhae weakened, so was its threat to Koyro. In 938, throught a Chinese momk(胡僧), Mala(襪囉), the King proposed China to attack Kitan on both sides, and on 942 as the relationship between the late Chin(後晋) and Kitan become worse he severed diplomatic relations with Kitan by making the so-called “Manpu bridge scandal(萬夫橋事件)”. The hard- line policy in the latter period aimed at weakening Kitan’s pressure through a close relationship with the late Chin. Also to justify itself abroad and stabilize northern regions by winning the residual forces of Parhae such as Yŏjin(女眞) and the late Parhae(後渤海) over to its side. Koryŏ Dynasty’s policy toward Kitan during the reign of the first king has historical significances as follows: first, policy toward Kitan was established according to the political changes of the surrounding countries and Koryŏ’s practical interests related to them; second, the hard-line policy after the unification was to stabilize northern frontiers by gaining the residual forces of Parhae over to Koryŏ’s side rather than to actively advance northward; third, policy toward Kitan at this time was closely connected with the movements of Parhae people after its downfall; fourth, the significance of the first kings policy toward Kitan and diplomacy oriented to China is great Since they become the groundwork of early foreign policies of Koryŏ dynasty.