蒙古語方言의 語頭子音群에 關한 考察

A Study on the Consonant Clusters in the Some Dialects of Mongolian

It is well known that initial consonant clusters do not occur the Altaic languages. This phenomenon is one of the most characteristic common features in the Altaic languages, but some initial clusters can be found in the Monguor and Shera Yögür dialects of Mongolian. This is, from the diachronical point of view, to examine the process and reason of forming the consonant clusters in the Monguor and Shera-Yögür dialects. As Ramstedt mentioned, consonant clusters due to suppression of vowel between two consonants of the initial position. The reducing or dropping of the vowel may attribute to unstressed syllables. Generally speaking, stress falls on the initial syllable in Mongolian words. This means that the vowel between two consonants in the first syllable does not reduce or drop out. The Monguor and Shera-Yögür dialects, on the other hand, have the common tendency that stress shifts to the last syllable. Therefore, we can conclude that the consonant cluster appears in the first unstressed syllable. In the Korean literature of the Middle Age, we can find out rather many words with initial consonant cluster. These can be explained etymologically in the same way as in the dialects of Mongolian. In the Mongolian dialects, such a phenomenon is very helpful for the study of Korean language. The initial consonant clusters of the Monguor dialect are divided into four types: 1. n-: nd; ndigelir-~mo. öndügele n′dź; ndziäse-~mo. anjisun, anjusun 2. ng-: nǥg-; nggua-~mo. ugiya- nǥk-; ngk’udu-~mo. önggetü 3. r-: rd-; rdiäm~mo. erdem rg-; rge~mo. erke rdz; rdze-~mo. irǰayi- 4. s-; sd-, sg-; sdàdzę~mo. utasun (*putusu) sgē~mo. isegei sb-, sd-, sg-; sbudzę~mo. sirbüsün ṣdzęn~mo. yisün ṣge~mo. yeke ś′ź-; ś′dźir~mo. sijir