初期 毛憐 兀良哈 硏究

A Study on the Morin Orangkhai toward the Beginning of the 15th Century

Toward the beginning of the 15th century, the Morin Orangkhai(毛憐兀良哈), one of the Jurchen tribes, inhabited to the banks of the Tumen River The history of the Morin Orangkhai was devided to two parts by the expedition of the Koreans at 1410 A.D. The purpose of this paper is to examine the early geological distribution of the Morin Orangkhai together with their characteristics and economical conditions. ① Geological distribution: Before 1410 A.D., they centred at Suju(愁州), Tumen(豆門), Polsion(代時溫), Sieungkon(時應巾), Kahara(加下羅), Chongpo(淸浦), Tongkon(童巾) and Achirangki(阿之良貴). And they were composed of the Udike(兀狄哈), Odoli(斡朶里) and Kurkha(火兒阿) clans. ② Characteristics: Even though they was scattered in the wide areas, they had a common relationship against foreign attacks. However, they had tendency of exclusivism among themselves because of their various kinship. Toward the 1410 A.D., the Morin Orangkhai and the Odoli of this area were suffered by the Koreans and Chinese; the Koreans tried to occupy this area, and so did the Ming dynasty. ③ Economical conditions; During this period, the Morin Orangkhai proceeded to agricultural existence from nomadic life. To enjoy the new agricultural life, they had to have the rich soil near the Tumen River. As circumstances require, they served Koreans or Chinese for the insurance of their territory. The double-faced service of the Morin Orangkhai provoked the expeditions of the Korea or China. However they developed agriculture and formed main current of the Jurchen Tribes.