도덕적 책임과 본래성 교육

Moral Responsibility and the Education for Authenticity

The purpose of this paper is to explore the means of cultivating pupil’s moral responsibility. There are continuous debates between free will theory and determinism. Determinism is the view that all events, including everything that we do, are causal upshots of the distant past and the laws of nature. According to this account, we have not responsibilities for our actions. In contrast, free will theory is the view that we have free will that we can choose and decide our actions. Because of our free will, we should be morally responsible for our actions. Incompatiblists argue that free will is not compatible with determinism. In contrast, Compatiblists argue that free will is compatible with determinism. Latter implies many educational ideas. In this perspective, to be free means being the causal source of one’s actions and being able to act on reason. There are various educational theories that argue for the importance of authenticity. Authenticity is variously construed as the capacity to make rational choices about what codes of conduct to adopt, the capacity to feel, will, think, and see in particular ways, the capacity to be the best juge of one’s vital interests and needs, the capacity to exercise liberty rights, and the capacity for self-determination. Education for responsibility-relative authenticity is required. Free will is a necessary condition for moral responsibility and it should also be seen as compatible with determinism.