新羅 佛國土思想과 日本 本地垂迹思想의 비교 연구

A Comparing Study on The Silla Buddha-kṣetra Thoughts and Japanese Honji Suijaku Thoughts : Focusing on the Examples of Shakyamuni Species Consciousness and Shakyamuni Suijaku Examples

In Korea and Japan, Buddhism was accepted as a foreign religion, and the development was accomplished throughout all the parts of the society under the influence of Buddhism. It is beyond imagination that both of the two countries had similar points of social and state challenges at the situation of accepting Buddhism. Therefore, it is true the two countries had similar personalities representing the attitude of acception of Buddhism. However, the great differences are also viewed in the concrete attitude of acception and the process of internalization. It is the point of consider needed when comparing and studying the flow of Buddhism in the two countries. The Sillas while they are developing Buddha-kṣetra thoughts got to recognize Silla to be Buddha-kṣetra and internalized Buddhist worldviews. In Mid-old(中古) period royal family members alleged they are of Shakyamuni species. Therefore, the royal members accommodated and shared ideas of Indian worldview where Buddhism had started. Shakyamuni species have been reborn as the royal family in Shilla soil. Accordingly, they realized the possibility of opening up a religious ideal. This was very valid for not only the religious, but also the political side for the absolute authority of the royal family. Buddhism made a contribution to set up a strong authority in Mid-old period. There are several reasons where the royal family could successfully made itself sacred. First, the king power was already established before Buddhism was accepted. Second, accordingly the power centralized system of the status and the economy was formed. In Japan, they have alleged Shakyamuni had let shadow down and had appeared as various gods. In Buddhism Shakyamuni the founder was endowed with various divinities. Therefore, Shakyamuni's divinities might have provided a very effective means to shadow downed gods and them having background of the gods. But this is limited to the royal family in Silla, while in Japan it was also available for a wide range of regional forces. This was the difference between the two countries. It was formed according to when the ruling power was accomplished and what a great the difference of the political progresses was. It is widely acknowledged that Sēngzhào(僧肇) has earlier mentioned Běndì Chuíjī (Honji Suijaku, 本地垂迹). In Japan, however, Honji Suijaku theory has been developed variously. The purpose of this thesis was to effectively understand the various aspects of Buddhism acceptions in Korea and Japan. The comparison of the Silla's Shakyamuni belief and the Japanese shadow gods of Shakyamuni Buddha was the method. By extanding the comparison materials, the characteristics of Buddhism of the two countries will be able to come to the area of the more specific understanding.