주요국 비정규이주민정책 비교

Comparative Study on Government Policies Regarding Irregular Migration

본 논문은 북미, 유럽, 아시아 8개국의 비정규 이주민 관련 정책에 대한 비교연구로서 각국의 불법체류자 관련정책에 대하여, 정부 공식 자료, 기존 연구 및 대사관 관계자 인터뷰 등을 통한 비교연구를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 조사국 대부분에서 정책적 필요에 따라 국경통제, 비자제도, 국내통제·추방, 퇴거 및 본국송환 외에 자발적 본국귀환 제도, 합법화 등 다양한 기제를 사용하여 불법체류자 문제의 해결을 꾀하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

A comparative research on eight countries’ government policies on irregular migrants was conducted based on the official documentation, existing researches, and interviews with officials at the diplomatic representations to find out, in particular, various measures implemented by each govermnent to address the issue of migrants who have no legal permission to stay in the country. It was found from the research that, in most of the eight countries studied, the government authorities implement a variety of measures etc, including the (assisted) voluntary return, legalization, amnesty, etc., on top of the traditional immigration measures such as border control, visa, employment sanction, to effectively deal with the irregular migrant issues. The measures differ among the countries based on their migration regime, socio-economic condition, and historic and geographical ties to countries of origin.