90년대 중국 대중문화의 興起와 ‘인문정신’ 논쟁

Disputes on 'Humanistic Spirit' in Chinese Cultural Phenomena of 90's

China has gradually transformed its systems under the goal of 'market economy' as the fundamental direction of social change after reformation and opening policy. Social conditions and living standard were improved as social infrastructures were established and productivity improved by the structural change into what we call socialist market economy systems using the logic of 'commercialization'. But as the result of 'market economy reform' as well as ideological gap and rapid collapse of traditional ethics, the structure of 'socialistic' class, which has been maintained for about 40 years, also became collapsed. Chinese intellectuals began to consider the establishment of value sense suitable to the changed social reality based on 'consumption culture' escaping from strict ethics which ruled socialistic ideology. During the transformation of Chinese society into a gigantic market, people became to experience the confusion of value system and the feeling of loss, and writers were gradually pushed out to the corner of the society during the process of economic reform. So, a group of intellectuals who write for commercial interest with placing emphasis on survival as the most important thing appear after 1990. Those people produced tons of conventional works by the loss of mental value and autonomous function that intellectuals are supposed to have without intense recognition on reality. Some scholars who emphasize the responsibility of intellectuals try reconsideration on commercial phenomena of some intellectuals. That is the direct reason of what we call 'humanistic spirit' discussion. This discussion is focused on intensive criticism about the loss of 'humanistic spirit' that intellectuals are supposed to have and on the establishment of new humanistic spirit.