『능가경』의 禪法과 초기 禪宗(2)

The Zen-doctrine in Lanka-sutra and Early Zen School in China(2) : The problem of directly realizing dharma(頓法) and gradually realizing dharma(漸法)

The Zen-doctrine in Lanka-sutra is to awake to the truth that appearance as it is non-appearance, mind as it is no-mind, and vikalpa(分別) originally had not been born, there are no the subject and object. So the highest degree zen of not forced nirvikalpa(無分別) and not to hope for gain certain completion can be realized. On this account the Zen-doctrine in Lanka-sutra is directly realizing dharma(頓法). Lanka-sutra’s zen-way is not different from the zen-way of early patriarch prior to the Sixth-patriarch(六祖) and Tan-stura(壇經) and He-ze-shen-hui(荷澤神會). The gradually realizing dharma(漸法) that Tan-stura(壇經) and Shen-hui(神會) criticize is not Shen-xiu(神秀)’s zen-way. That is not mind-controlled way but awakening way according to profound Mahayana principles. Therefore that satisfies non-forced practice as the origin of directly realizing dharma(頓法). After-ages divided the section into South-directly and North-gradually, but these arguments and propagandas are wrong. Because those who can go through directly realizing dharma from the beginning are very rare, the gradually realizing dharma is necessary. Merely that gradually realizing dharma must be one of possessing directly realizing dharma’s meaning, and such examples can be found out from North-school’s Dharma teaching.