공관복음의 '사람 낚는 어부'는 구원의 이미지인가?: 심판의 이미지로 바라본 '사람 낚는 어부'

Is "Fishers of Men" in the Synoptic Gospels the Image of Salvation?: "Fishers of men" in View of Judgment -Intertextuality between Mark 1:17, its Parallelisms(Mt. 4:19, Lk. 5:10b) and Jeremiah 16:16, Habakkuk 1:14

The aim of this article is to investigate intertextuality between Mark 1:17, its parallelisms(Mt. 4:19, Lk. 5:10b) and Jeremiah 16:16, Habakkuk 1:14. The image of "fishers of men" has been understood as the meaning of missionary salvation in the Christianity for a long time. But it was often used as the metaphor of God's judgment in the Old Testament, especially in the prophetic writings. Scholars have investigated the relation between them. But they have concluded that there is no relation between them, because (unnecessary) the context in the New Testament shows the dawn of salvation in the kingdom of God. Therefore some have claimed that the image was used from other parallelisms with the meaning of missionary salvation and others have maintained that Jesus changed the image of judgment into the image of salvation. However, this article argues on the basis of Speech-Act theory that Jesus didn't employ unacquainted image or something new. On the contrary he used the well-known image in the Old Testament, especially in the prophetic writings. To test this hypothesis, this article adopts 'intertextuality' as method and it has three criterions. First, are the main words, "fishers of men" used? Second, is the concept of "fishing men" used? Third, does the theme of "the judgment on Jerusalem" appear in a similar way? Through this test, this article claims that Mark 1:17 and its parallelisms(Mt. 4:19, Lk. 5:10b) may echo Jeremiah 16:16 and Habakkuk 1:14. So the image of "fishers of men" in Mark 1:17 and its parallelisms can be interpreted as the image of judgment, especially on Jerusalem. "Fishers of men" does not imply the image of salvation. But it can convey the meaning of salvation, because the message of judgment can function as the message of salvation. It is illustrated by many examples in the Bible (e.g. the Jonah's message of judgment on Nineveh and its result as salvation, cf. Jonah 3:4, 10). Therefore we need not wonder that the image of judgment was used in the context declaring the dawn of salvation. In conclusion, we must still consider that the image of "fishers of men" in the synoptic Gospels may echo the image of judgment in the prophetic writings and deliver the meaning of judgment in the New Testament context.