요한복음의 성령 이해

A Survey of the Johannine Understanding of the Holy Spirit -Centering on the Interactivity of the Holy Spirit

One of the critical questions in understanding the Spirit in John's Gospel is how we can interpret the nature and function of the Spirit-Paraclete that occurs in the Farewell Discourse (14:16, 26; 15:26; 16:7). Many Johannine scholars tend to understand the Spirit as throughly Christological; particularly, the Paraclete in the Farewell discourse is understood in the Christological perspective. The emphasis of the Spirit in Christological terms depends on its function as the replacement or substitute for the risen and departed Christ. However, the article surveys the contours of John's portrait of the Spirit that is closely interrelated to the Father. By this notion, the article attempts to argue that the primary role of the Spirit - including even the Paraclete sayings - that runs throughout the Gospel is the Father's life giving power as the Spirit of God. For a better understanding of the Johannine nature and function of the Spirit, the article focuses on the Spirit (Paraclete)'s relationship to Jesus, the risen Christ, the Father, and other characters including the disciples, the world, and etc. The interactive relationship between the Father and the Son should be dealt with carefully in balanced ways in John's Gospel to evaluate the nature and function of the Spirit. The emphasis of the life giving work of the Spirit as God's Spirit also indicates the forensic function of the Spirit's work of bearing witness to Jesus. Thus, the Paraclete's work of convicting the world in regard to sin, righteousness, and Judgement (16:7-9) also emphasizes God's distinctive activity and presence in the world. All in all, the article also attempts to sustain the Christological frame of the Spirit (Paraclete) but not at the expense of a theological perspective of the Spirit.