요한복음 20:19-23에 나타난 예수의 성전 건축과 메시야 직분

Jesus'Temple Building and Messiahship in John 20:19-23

Jesus is explicitly portrayed as the Messiah in John's Gospel(Jn. 20:31). The Messiah is not only the Christological title but also the purpose of John's writing. If so, what sort of Messiah is Jesus in John's Gospel? This study particularly draws attention to Jesus'messianic temple building in John's Gospel, because the Messiah was supposed to build the temple in the Second Temple Judaism(e.g. Zech. 6:12). In John's Gospel, Jesus is depicted as the temple where God dwells(Jn. 1:14; 2:19). The destruction and the construction of the temple are parallel to Jesus' death and resurrection(Jn. 2:19-22). That is to say, Jesus' resurrection is no less than the temple building. In John 20, by showing his resurrected body to the disciples who have little faith in his resurrection, Jesus reveals his messianic identity to them. In particular, Jesus'appearance to the disciples(Jn. 20:19-21) signifies the fulfillment of Ezekielic promise(Ezek. 37:26-28) which is about the eschatological presence of the Lord's sanctuary in the midst of his people. Moreover, Jesus'community is depicted as the temple where God dwells. In the Farewell Discourse, Jesus promises that his Father and himself will dwell in the midst of his followers and will impart the Spirit(Jn. 14:23; 15:26; 16:7). After resurrection, while imparting the Spirit, Jesus commissions the community to carry out the ministry of forgiveness. Jesus'community is described as the temple where not only the Father and the Son dwell but also forgiveness of sins is performed. For this reason, imparting the Spirit is no other than building up the temple. Therefore, by raising up his body and imparting the Spirit to the community, Jesus is manifested as the Messiah as the temple builder.