近世 日本의 官學과 洋學

Western Learning and governmental school of early modern Japan -Focusing on how western learning transits to governmental school at the last stage of modern times-

Japan had peaceful period time over two centuries in modern days. Especially, after middle ages of modern days, academic learning was actively spread to warrior family and its social cultural competency had high improvement. To promote political officials as high bureaucrat, Bakufu's official school the Gakumonsho trained the upperclasses. Gakumonsho was established by Hayashi-Razan whom applied concept of the Chu-tzu doctrines to realpolitics. The doctrines of Chu-tzu became Bakufu's governmental school since 1790. The characteristics of Japan's Chu-tzu doctrines cover rationalism as well as the value of intellectualism. Because of this originality, the doctrines of Chu-tzu embrace not only Confucianism but also pragmatic knowledge and technical skill, not to mention understanding of heterogeneous western modern researches as well. Upon this movement, Bakufu established Banshowagegoyo in 1811, Banshoshirabesho in1857, Kaiseijo in 1860 to conduct active research on western studies and appointed many scholars. As we have seen, the doctrines of Chu-tzu embraced an active acceptance of western studies as it brought Japan's late period of modern days a high prosperous to both intellectual as well as idea aspect point of view. Consequently, this movement led Western learning to keep it strong foundation as governmental school.