이명박정부의 지방교육재정정책 평가연구

An Evaluation Study of the Lee Myung-Bak Government's Local Educational Finance Policy

이 연구는 MB정부의 지방교육재정정책 추진체제와 재원규모의 변화 등을 분석하고, 선행연구 분석을 통해 정책평가 준거를 설정한 후, 주요 지방교육재정정책에 대한 성과 평가를 실시하고, 지방교육 재정정책의 개선과제를 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 평가결과를 요약하면, 시ㆍ도간 공평성, 재정건전성과 효율성 및 자주성은 제고되었으나, 재정운영의 자율성은 약화되었고, 지방교육재정을 확충하는 데 실패하였다. 따라서 향후 재정수요를 충당하기 위하여 교부금 규모를 늘리고, 교부금 구조를 개편하며, 지방자치단체 일반회계 전입금을 확대할 필요가 있다. 또한, 시ㆍ도의 자율성 확대를 위하여 보통교부금 기준재정수요 측정항목을 대폭 축소하고, 단위 비용을 최소화 하며, 측정항목간 수요산정의 우선순위와 자체노력 등 수요 규모를 법제화하고, 특별교부금의 규모를 축소할 필요가 있다.

This study aimed to evaluate the Lee Myung-Bak government's local educational finance policy and for pursuing this purpose, this study drew an overview of the Lee Myung-Bak government's local educational finance policy and then conducted evaluation of the polices from two layers; general and particular layer. From the general layer of evaluation, the current status and progress of securing and allocating of the local educational revenue were analyzed and evaluated, and from particular layer of evaluation, each specific policies are evaluated in details. In summary of this result of this study, the equality between local education authorities, soundness and independence of local educational finance are improved, but the autonomy on management and operation decreased and each local government failed to expand local educational finance. Thus, to satisfy financial demand for the future educational needs, it is required to increase the total amount of the local educational grant, to reorganize the structure of the local educational grant, to expand the transferred money from the general account of local government. In addition, to secure the local autonomy on local educational finance, the demand side scale should be legalized; the measurement items for amount of standard financial demand from general grant should be largely decreased, the cost of measurement unit for each measurement item should be minimized, the priority of the demand measurement among items and the amount of financial demand according to voluntary efforts should be legalized and furthermore, the scale of special grant should be decreased.