대한불교 조계종과 한국불교 태고종의 성립 과정

The establishment process of the Jogye Order and the Taego Order of Korean Buddhism

This paper clarifies the process in which the representative religious orders of Korean Buddhism circle, the Jogye Order and the Taego Order of Korean Buddhism, were established. Though the Buddhism circle was under one centralized system immediately after emancipation, president Lee Seung Man announced a discourse in 1954 which proclaimed that the monks marrying under the policy of eliminating the remnants of Japanese imperialism should establish the system of religious order mainly composed of Buddhist monk, the unmarried ascetic monk out of the system that exercised the hegemony of the religious order. The dispute triggered by this discourse finally ended with the separation into 2 religious orders. In this dispute between Buddhist monk and the married Buddhist priest, the Buddhist monks, though less than 1/10 in the number, combined their intention through the National Monk Convention and occupied the temple by mobilizing violent group. Repelling against this, the group of married Buddhist priest filed lawsuit in the court. However, the Buddhist monk also won in the lawsuit. Calling this dispute 'purging movement', the Buddhist monk considers it as the opportunity for Jogye Order to take the present formation. The evaluation of this dispute is clearly divided into pro and con. While Jogye Order evaluates it positively, married Buddhist priest evaluates it negatively. While the former calls it 'purging movement' or 'purging Buddhist memorial service', the latter calls it 'Buddhist chaos'ㆍ'dispute of Buddhist circle'ㆍ'violence in the name of purgation.' As the regime of Lee Seung Man withdrew, the Buddhist monk was once in difficulty. However, as the military regime of Park Jung Hee seized power through 5.16 military coup, consolidated religious order was established under the arbitration of government. Since both the Buddhist monk and the married Buddhist priest recognized the necessity of conversation, they tried to compromise by making the forum of conversation in the name of reconciliation committee. However, as lawsuit was carried on in the court, the attempt of compromise failed to find smooth solution. The consolidated religious order which was established without solving the basic problems could not last long. As the married Buddhist priest established Taego Order of Korean Buddhism, it came to an end. Immediately after emancipation, the married Buddhist priest was reluctant to accept the request for providing some temples in which Buddhist monks could practice asceticism, thereby causing serious disaster. The violence that Buddhist monks were mobilized in the dispute was negatively evaluated, leading to a tremendous monetary loss in the legal lawsuits.