헤시오도스 『일과 날』의 교육적 의미

Educational Implication of Hesiod's Erga kai Hemerai

The purpose of this study is to clarify the educational implication of Erga kai Hemerai(Works and Days) by Hesiod. After having a conflict with Perses, the brother of him, on the matter of inheritance, Hesiod proposed the moral and practical prose for the purpose of scold his brother's laziness and discipling peasants in Ancient Greek. So far, strife(eris) had been considered as the battle and internal conflict of heroes in Iliad and Odyssey, however he saw the positive aspect of conflict: In his book, he says competition makes people work hard and at the same time help them live well. So he suggests that the peasant should be more competitive, but excessive competition could ruin individuals and society. In this situation, the value of justice is needed to restrain the excessiveness(hybris), which is the result of the excessive competitions. He claims that every person of society should control their mind not to be over emotional and pursue justice in every aspect of their lives. Justice is the virtue that education should seek. At the same time he gives practical tactics to peasants to enhance the quality of their lives. The tactics range from farming, choosing an auspicious day, caring ship's fittings, receiving of guest, and many others are included. These are classified as practical education yet, he doesn't ignore the value of modesty, moderation(metron) and the proper timing(kairos).