구비설화에 나타난 '出嫁外人' 담론과 여성의 정체성

"Chool-gah-wayne" discourse and womens identities represented in the Korean folktales

본고는 구비설화에 나타난 '出嫁外人' 담론을 분석함으로써 전통사회에서의 여성의 정체성 문제를 살펴본 것이다. '출가외인' 담론을 담고 있는 구비설화들은 전승자들에게 '출가외인' 이데올로기를 내면화시키고 재생산하는 기능을 수행하고 있다. 그러나 구비설화는 이런 이데올로기가 전통사회의 여성들에게 정체감의 혼란을 가져다주었을 뿐 아니라, 남성들에게는 가족구성원 중 여성에 대한 신뢰를 무너뜨림으로써 결과적으로 가족공동체의 유대가 깨어지는 사태를 낳았음도 잘 보여주고 있다. 한편 화자의 성별에 따라 설화 각편의 의미가 상이하게 해석되는 현상을 통해서 '출가외인' 담론을 바라보는 남녀 가족 구성원들의 입장 차이를 확인하게 되는데, 이는 구비설화의 전승현장이 곧 가족 문제에 대한 토론공간으로서 긍정적인 기능을 수행할 수 있음을 시사한다.

This thesis is to examine the issue of a womans identity in traditional society by analyzing the discourse of Chool-gah-Wayne(出嫁外人), a married woman who is no longer regarded as a family member of hers, represented in folktales. The folktales that contained Chool-gah-Wayne discourse are performing internalization and reproduction of Chool-gah-Wayne ideology for bearers. However, these folktales also display thoroughly the critical situation that not only did this ideology bring confusion in womans identity in traditional society, but also destroyed mens trust for women among family members which consequently resulted in breaking up the ties of family community. Meanwhile, it was possible to confirm different standpoints between women and men of family members to look at Chool-gah-wayne discourse since the meaning of each folktale was differently interpreted according to the sex of informer. This demonstrates that the field of transmitting folktale was able to serve a positive feature as a forum of debate for family issues. After all, folktales that contain Chool-gah-wayne discourse provide productive debate subjects to reestablish womens identities who are leading keep on living inside of modern family structure.