제4차 부산 세계개발원조총회(HLF-4) 논의주제에 대한 젠더관점의 의제 개발

Integration of Gender Issue into the Agenda for the 4th High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness

Ⅰ. 서 론 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ○ 한국에서 열릴 제 4차 부산 세계개발원조총회(이하 HLF-4) (2011년 11월 29일-12월 1일)에서는 기존의 원조 체제에 대한 새로운 패러다임의 제시와 함께 젠더 이슈를 비롯하여 범분야적 이슈(cross-cutting issue)가 어떻게 다뤄질 것인지에 대한 관심이 집중되고 있음. ○ 본 연구는 보다 적극적으로 젠더의제를 HLF-4에서의 논의에 반영하고자 하는 한국 외교부와 여성가족부의 요청에 따라 진행된 것으로 한국이 제안한 5개의 제안주제에 대해 성인지적 관점에서 분석하고, 성인지적 관점을 통합한 젠더의제를 개발하고자 함. 2. 주요 연구내용 ○ 본 연구는 2011년 초 한국 외교통상부가 정부부처, 대학, NGO 등의 의견수렴을 거쳐 OECD에 HLF-4 주제로 제출한 1) 개발효과성, 2) 글로벌 원조체제, 3) 역량강화, 4) 취약국가, 5) 양성평등의 다섯 가지 주제에 대해 성 인지적 관점에서 검토하고 젠더가 통합될 수 있는 포인트를 찾고, 성인지적 관점에서 HLF-4에 반영 가능한 의제 혹은 행동계획을 제안하고 자 함. ○ 더불어 한국의 발전경험에서 여성의 기여와 역할에 대한 사례발굴을 통해 원조효과성 논의에서 젠더의 중요성을 보여줄 수 있는 실증적인 사례를 제시하고자 하였음. 이 사례는 전체맥락을 고려하여 제3장에 관련 주제와 함께 간략히 소개하였음.

The Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness in Busan (November 29 to December 1, 2011) is one of the most significant international meetings on development cooperation. The forum is expected to successfully integrate various cross-cutting issues including gender agenda into its main discussion as well as present a new paradigm on international development cooperation. In this context, it is meaningful to examine several topics related to development agenda in a gender-sensitive way and to develop gender agenda for the HLF-4. Thus, this research mainly explores ways to generate gender-sensitive agenda for the HLF-4. First, it briefly examines domestic and international efforts to integrate gender agenda into discussion of the HLF-4. Secondly, it attempts to incorporate gender issue into the five topics that Korean government proposed as potential topics for the HLF-4 to the Working Party on Aid Effectiveness(WP-EFF) earlier this year. The five topics include: 1) development effectiveness, 2) global aid architecture, 3) capacity development, 4) conflict and fragile states and 5) gender equality. The research also introduces Korean development experiences related to each topic. Development experiences of Korea provides significant implications on recent discussion on aid effectiveness. It should be noted that Korea has developed not only economically but also socio-culturally, and Korean women have extensively contributed to the national development. However, Korean development process has a limitation in that women's contribution to Korean economic development could not lead to women's empowerment. Additionally, various potential gender agendas for the HLF-4 are suggested in the research. First, more holistic and inclusive development effectiveness should be more emphasized by successfully integrating gender perspective in the discussion on development effectiveness. Second, all the actors involved in international development cooperation including donor and partner countries, non-DAC countries, and civil society should make a firm resolution on collective efforts to empower women in developing countries. Also, a new global aid architecture should be designed to draw an international agreement on protection of women in fragile states as well as on women's human rights. Moreover, ways to develop capacity for gender mainstreaming in development cooperation should be discussed in the forum. Lastly, systematic mechanism to design and monitor gender sensitive development assistance should be developed thorough this forum. The paper provides a comprehensive set of action plans to integrate gender agenda in the HLF-4. First, Korean government can hold a side event on gender equality for the high level. Second, gender session can be included in the HLF-4. Third, gender agenda can be included in Busan Declaration as part of the HLF-4 outcome document. Also, sustainable monitoring system and global governance on gender issue can be developed through the discussion in the HLF-4.