한ㆍ중 동반자 작가 논쟁에 관한 비교 연구

A Comparative Study on the Fellow-traveler's debate in Korea and China

From the late 1920s until the early 1930s in Korean and Chinese literary world 'fellow-traveller' was mentioned as a topic for discussion and then the debate of fellow-traveller writer began. 'Fellow-travellers' Literature as a phraseology was first put forwarded by Leon Trotsky(1879-1940) who was a Marxist literary theorist in his book 'Literature and Revolution' published in 1923. After that through translation this phrase flooded into Korea and China. Trotsky defined that fellow-travellers were the writers who accepted revolution in their own ways, not the artists of proletarian revolution, but the art fellow-travellers of proletarian revolution. But the RAPP defined fellowtravellers' Literature as decadent, counter revolutionary literature and excluded them. In Korea the KAPF excluded the fellow-traveller writers who sympathized with KAPF's thought but did not become a member of KAPF. In China League of the left-wing writers fellow the Soviet definition and dealed with them as the counter revolutionaries. They put the fellow-traveller writers as unimportant existence of proletarian literature with the reason that it lacks in proletarian consciousness. The fellow-traveller writers and the proletarian literature group members all accepted the literature theories of Marxism but with a different trend. KAPF and League of the left-wing writers accepted Leninism advocated by Stalin which emphasized the partiality. The fellow-traveller writers accepted the literature theories of Marxism established by Plekhanov, Trotsky. The debates of fellow-traveller writer which happened in Korea and China were the conflict of opinions between who emphasized the partiality and who advocated the purity of literature. After the debates, the relationship between literature and politics was magnified but at the same time KAPF and League of the left-wing writers where breaching the basic principle of base and superstructure by emphasizing political tendency in creation of literature and ideological literary criticism. Instead, fellow-traveller writers who Expose social contradictions and connote the destruction of old society in an indirect way were the real Marxists.